| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Predicted |
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| Creation Date | 2021-09-21 22:41:28 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2021-10-01 16:53:59 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0301285 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA |
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| Description | (5e,8e,11e)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-coa is an acyl-CoA or acyl-coenzyme A. More specifically, it is a (5E_8E_11E)-hexadeca-5_8_11-trienedioic acid thioester of coenzyme A. (5e,8e,11e)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-coa is an acyl-CoA with 16 fatty acid group as the acyl moiety attached to coenzyme A. Coenzyme A was discovered in 1946 by Fritz Lipmann (Journal of Biological Chemistry (1946) 162 (3): 743–744) and its structure was determined in the early 1950s at the Lister Institute in London. Coenzyme A is a complex, thiol-containing molecule that is naturally synthesized from pantothenate (vitamin B5), which is found in various foods such as meat, vegetables, cereal grains, legumes, eggs, and milk. More specifically, coenzyme A (CoASH or CoA) consists of a beta-mercaptoethylamine group linked to the vitamin pantothenic acid (B5) through an amide linkage and 3'-phosphorylated ADP. Coenzyme A is synthesized in a five-step process that requires four molecules of ATP, pantothenate and cysteine. It is believed that there are more than 1100 types of acyl-CoA’s in the human body, which also corresponds to the number of acylcarnitines in the human body. Acyl-CoAs exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. The general role of acyl-CoA’s is to assist in transferring fatty acids from the cytoplasm to mitochondria. This process facilitates the production of fatty acids in cells, which are essential in cell membrane structure. Acyl-CoA's are also susceptible to beta oxidation, forming, ultimately, acetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA can enter the citric acid cycle, eventually forming several equivalents of ATP. In this way, fats are converted to ATP -- or biochemical energy. Acyl-CoAs can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain acyl-CoAs; 2) medium-chain acyl-CoAs; 3) long-chain acyl-CoAs; and 4) very long-chain acyl-CoAs; 5) hydroxy acyl-CoAs; 6) branched chain acyl-CoAs; 7) unsaturated acyl-CoAs; 8) dicarboxylic acyl-CoAs and 9) miscellaneous acyl-CoAs. Short-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with two to four carbons (C2-C4), medium-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with five to eleven carbons (C5-C11), long-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with twelve to twenty carbons (C12-C20) while very long-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl groups with more than 20 carbons. (5e,8e,11e)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-coa is therefore classified as a long chain acyl-CoA. The oxidative degradation of fatty acids is a two-step process, catalyzed by acyl-CoA synthetase/synthase. Fatty acids are first converted to their acyl phosphate, the precursor to acyl-CoA. The latter conversion is mediated by acyl-CoA synthase. Three types of acyl-CoA synthases are employed, depending on the chain length of the fatty acid. (5e,8e,11e)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-coa, being a long chain acyl-CoA is a substrate for long chain acyl-CoA synthase. The second step of fatty acid degradation is beta oxidation. Beta oxidation occurs in mitochondria and, in the case of very long chain acyl-CoAs, the peroxisome. After its formation in the cytosol, (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA is transported into the mitochondria, the locus of beta oxidation. Transport of (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA into the mitochondria requires carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which converts (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA into (5E_8E_11E)-hexadeca-5_8_11-trienedioylcarnitine, which gets transported into the mitochondrial matrix. Once in the matrix, (5E_8E_11E)-hexadeca-5_8_11-trienedioylcarnitine is converted back to (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA by CPT2, whereupon beta-oxidation can begin. Beta oxidation of (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA occurs in four steps. First, since (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA is a long chain acyl-CoA it is the substrate for a long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, which catalyzes dehydrogenation of (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA, creating a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons. FAD is the hydrogen acceptor, yielding FADH2. Second, Enoyl-CoA hydrase catalyzes the addition of water across the newly formed double bond to make an alcohol. Third, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase oxidizes the alcohol group to a ketone and NADH is produced from NAD+. Finally, Thiolase cleaves between the alpha carbon and ketone to release one molecule of acetyl-CoA and a new acyl-CoA which is now 2 carbons shorter. This four-step process repeats until (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA has had all its carbons removed from the chain, leaving only acetyl-CoA. Beta oxidation, as well as alpha-oxidation, also occurs in the peroxisome. The peroxisome handles beta oxidation of fatty acids that have more than 20 carbons in their chain because the peroxisome contains very-long-chain Acyl-CoA synthetases and dehydrogenases. The heart primarily metabolizes fat for energy and Acyl-CoA metabolism has been identified as a critical molecule in early-stage heart muscle pump failure. Cellular acyl-CoA content also correlates with insulin resistance, suggesting that it can mediate lipotoxicity in non-adipose tissues. Acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) plays an important role in energy metabolism on account of key enzyme in triglyceride biosynthesis. The study of acyl-CoAs is an active area of research and it is likely that many novel acyl-CoAs will be discovered in the coming years. It is also likely that many novel roles in health and disease will be uncovered for these molecules. |
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| Structure | CC(C)(COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC1OC(C(O)C1OP(O)(O)=O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2N)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCSC(=O)CCCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O InChI=1S/C37H58N7O19P3S/c1-37(2,32(50)35(51)40-18-17-26(45)39-19-20-67-28(48)16-14-12-10-8-6-4-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-27(46)47)22-60-66(57,58)63-65(55,56)59-21-25-31(62-64(52,53)54)30(49)36(61-25)44-24-43-29-33(38)41-23-42-34(29)44/h3-4,7-10,23-25,30-32,36,49-50H,5-6,11-22H2,1-2H3,(H,39,45)(H,40,51)(H,46,47)(H,55,56)(H,57,58)(H2,38,41,42)(H2,52,53,54) |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| 16-({2-[(3-{[4-({[({[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)-1,2-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutylidene]amino}-1-hydroxypropylidene)amino]ethyl}sulfanyl)-16-oxohexadeca-5,8,11-trienoate | HMDB | | 16-({2-[(3-{[4-({[({[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)-1,2-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutylidene]amino}-1-hydroxypropylidene)amino]ethyl}sulphanyl)-16-oxohexadeca-5,8,11-trienoate | HMDB | | 16-({2-[(3-{[4-({[({[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)-1,2-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutylidene]amino}-1-hydroxypropylidene)amino]ethyl}sulphanyl)-16-oxohexadeca-5,8,11-trienoic acid | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C37H58N7O19P3S |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 1029.88 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 1029.272104844 |
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| IUPAC Name | 16-{[2-(3-{3-[({[({[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)methyl]-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanamido}propanamido)ethyl]sulfanyl}-16-oxohexadeca-5,8,11-trienoic acid |
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| Traditional Name | 16-({2-[3-(3-{[({[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]methyl}-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido]ethyl}sulfanyl)-16-oxohexadeca-5,8,11-trienoic acid |
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| CAS Registry Number | Not Available |
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| SMILES | CC(C)(COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC1OC(C(O)C1OP(O)(O)=O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2N)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCSC(=O)CCCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C37H58N7O19P3S/c1-37(2,32(50)35(51)40-18-17-26(45)39-19-20-67-28(48)16-14-12-10-8-6-4-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-27(46)47)22-60-66(57,58)63-65(55,56)59-21-25-31(62-64(52,53)54)30(49)36(61-25)44-24-43-29-33(38)41-23-42-34(29)44/h3-4,7-10,23-25,30-32,36,49-50H,5-6,11-22H2,1-2H3,(H,39,45)(H,40,51)(H,46,47)(H,55,56)(H,57,58)(H2,38,41,42)(H2,52,53,54) |
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| InChI Key | BUIFODHCEPWLOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acyl coas. These are acyl CoAs where the group acylated to the coenzyme A moiety is a long aliphatic chain of 13 to 21 carbon atoms. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Fatty Acyls |
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| Sub Class | Fatty acyl thioesters |
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| Direct Parent | Long-chain fatty acyl CoAs |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Coenzyme a or derivatives
- Purine ribonucleoside diphosphate
- Purine ribonucleoside bisphosphate
- Purine ribonucleoside 3',5'-bisphosphate
- Ribonucleoside 3'-phosphate
- Pentose-5-phosphate
- Pentose phosphate
- Long-chain fatty acid
- N-glycosyl compound
- Glycosyl compound
- Beta amino acid or derivatives
- Pentose monosaccharide
- Organic pyrophosphate
- Monosaccharide phosphate
- 6-aminopurine
- Purine
- Imidazopyrimidine
- Monoalkyl phosphate
- Hydroxy fatty acid
- Aminopyrimidine
- Fatty acid
- Imidolactam
- Alkyl phosphate
- Unsaturated fatty acid
- Pyrimidine
- Phosphoric acid ester
- Organic phosphoric acid derivative
- N-substituted imidazole
- N-acyl-amine
- Monosaccharide
- Fatty amide
- Heteroaromatic compound
- Tetrahydrofuran
- Imidazole
- Azole
- Amino acid
- Carbothioic s-ester
- Thiocarboxylic acid ester
- Secondary carboxylic acid amide
- Secondary alcohol
- Carboxamide group
- Amino acid or derivatives
- Oxacycle
- Azacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Sulfenyl compound
- Thiocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary amine
- Organosulfur compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Alcohol
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | Not Available |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | Not Available |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Not Available |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 14.8662 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 7.56 minutes | 32390414 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2588.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 151.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 155.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 174.8 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 164.9 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 528.1 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 576.1 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 948.1 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1104.6 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 628.4 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 965.8 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 415.0 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 315.8 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 513.8 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 193.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 21.8 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesNot Available |
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| MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-9000000000-0f1b35a46e7ebb4b097a | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03fr-9010000120-713c1636591221ec918b | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-003r-5112201009-d720a344fa297c373733 | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-01q3-9300000006-cb37f74dec62f6fea3e0 | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-000i-7900000005-b77466cba61aad66ba5a | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienedioyl-CoA 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-3112190000-fd39f6f575520a370487 | 2021-10-21 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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