| Record Information |
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| Version | 5.0 |
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| Status | Detected and Quantified |
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| Creation Date | 2006-08-13 23:27:52 UTC |
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| Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:49:21 UTC |
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| HMDB ID | HMDB0004666 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | - HMDB0011548
- HMDB04666
- HMDB11548
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| Metabolite Identification |
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| Common Name | MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) |
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| Description | MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0), also known as 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), is a unique molecular species of monoacylglycerol isolated in 1995 from rat brain and canine gut as an endogenous ligand for the cannabinoid receptors. 2-AG is rapidly formed from arachidonic acid-containing phospholipids through increased phospholipid metabolism, such as enhanced inositol phospholipid turnover, in various tissues and cells upon stimulation. 2-AG binds to the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 and exhibits a variety of cannabimimetic activities in vitro and in vivo. 2-AG is an endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid). Endocannabinoids are a class of fatty acid derivatives defined by their ability to interact with the specific cannabinoid receptors that were originally identified as the targets of delta9-tetrahydocannabinol (delta9-THC), the psychoactive component of cannabis. Endocannabinoids have been implicated in a growing number of important physiological and behavioral events. Endocannabinoids are amides, esters, and ethers of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which act as new lipidic mediators. 2-AG is one of the main endogenous agonists of cannabinoid receptors, able to mimic several pharmacological effects of delta9-THC, the active principle of Cannabis sativa preparations like hashish and marijuana. The activity of AEA and 2-AG at their receptors is limited by cellular uptake through an anandamide membrane transporter (AMT), followed by intracellular degradation. A fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is the main AEA hydrolase, whereas a monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is critical in degrading 2-AG (PMID: 16515464 , 16278487 , 16678907 ). |
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| Structure | [H]C(CO)(CO)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC InChI=1S/C23H38O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-23(26)27-22(20-24)21-25/h6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16,22,24-25H,2-5,8,11,14,17-21H2,1H3/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15- |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerol | ChEBI | | 2-AG | ChEBI | | 2-Ara-GL | ChEBI | | 2-Arachidonoyl-glycerol | ChEBI | | 2-Arachidonyl-glycerol | ChEBI | | 2-Arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol | Kegg | | (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-2-Hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoate | HMDB | | (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-2-Hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid | HMDB | | (all-Z)-2-Hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoate | HMDB | | (all-Z)-2-Hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid | HMDB | | 1-Monoacylglyceride | HMDB | | 1-Monoacylglycerol | HMDB | | 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenoyl)-rac-glycerol | HMDB | | 2-Arachidonyl glycerol | HMDB | | 2-Monoarachidonoylglycerolbeta-monoacylglycerol | HMDB | | b-Monoacylglycerol | HMDB | | beta-Monoacylglycerol | HMDB | | MAG(20:4) | HMDB | | MG(20:4) | HMDB | | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol | HMDB | | Glyceryl 2-arachidonate | HMDB | | 2-Monoarachidonoylglycerol | HMDB | | 2-Arachidonylglycerol | HMDB | | MAG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) | HMDB | | MAG(0:0/20:4n6/0:0) | HMDB | | MAG(0:0/20:4W6/0:0) | HMDB | | MAG(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) | HMDB | | MAG(20:4n6) | HMDB | | MAG(20:4W6) | HMDB | | MG(0:0/20:4n6/0:0) | HMDB | | MG(0:0/20:4W6/0:0) | HMDB | | MG(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) | HMDB | | MG(20:4n6) | HMDB | | MG(20:4W6) | HMDB | | MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) | HMDB |
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| Chemical Formula | C23H38O4 |
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| Average Molecular Weight | 378.5454 |
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| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 378.277009704 |
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| IUPAC Name | 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoate |
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| Traditional Name | 2-arachidonoylglycerol |
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| CAS Registry Number | 53847-30-6 |
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| SMILES | [H]C(CO)(CO)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C23H38O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-23(26)27-22(20-24)21-25/h6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16,22,24-25H,2-5,8,11,14,17-21H2,1H3/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15- |
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| InChI Key | RCRCTBLIHCHWDZ-DOFZRALJSA-N |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as endocannabinoids. These are arachidonic acid derivatives containing either an N-acetylethanolamine(type 1) or a glycerol(types 2 and 3) moiety attached to the aliphatic tail. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Endocannabinoids |
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| Sub Class | Not Available |
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| Direct Parent | Endocannabinoids |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - 2-arachidonoylglycerol-skeleton
- 2-acyl-sn-glycerol
- Monoradylglycerol
- Monoacylglycerol
- Glycerolipid
- Fatty acid ester
- Fatty acyl
- Carboxylic acid ester
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Primary alcohol
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Organic oxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Organooxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Ontology |
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| Physiological effect | Not Available |
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| Disposition | |
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| Process | Not Available |
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| Role | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Solid |
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| Experimental Molecular Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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| Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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| Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times Underivatized| Chromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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| Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 7.45 minutes | 32390414 | | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 23.2985 minutes | 33406817 | | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 0.85 minutes | 32390414 | | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 38.4 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 3622.8 seconds | 40023050 | | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 413.2 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 209.7 seconds | 40023050 | | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 273.6 seconds | 40023050 | | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 740.1 seconds | 40023050 | | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1125.0 seconds | 40023050 | | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 661.8 seconds | 40023050 | | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 114.7 seconds | 40023050 | | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2232.0 seconds | 40023050 | | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 790.7 seconds | 40023050 | | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 2058.2 seconds | 40023050 | | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 800.0 seconds | 40023050 | | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 548.4 seconds | 40023050 | | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 365.9 seconds | 40023050 | | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 519.5 seconds | 40023050 | | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 9.0 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized| Derivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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| MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0),1TMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO[Si](C)(C)C | 2902.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0),2TMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CCCC(=O)OC(CO[Si](C)(C)C)CO[Si](C)(C)C | 2941.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0),1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3136.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | | MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0),2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CCCC(=O)OC(CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3416.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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| GC-MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0l0i-5290110000-f742efe3985e3840860a | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS Spectra| Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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| Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0002-0009000000-3193f1e5874b95385d69 | 2017-10-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004k-0009000000-627d06b5ba2360a06067 | 2017-10-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00i2-0009000000-0762851e03f624970475 | 2017-10-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0009000000-5e905142605905a46679 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a90-0009000000-ae7594dce5d303ff168a | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0bti-0039000000-746b8a740d001af85c5a | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0000900000-e64013c0e57ed934df45 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0000900000-e64013c0e57ed934df45 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0fbf-0009300000-62825ca83031f6d152ec | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0002-0009000000-c6ed117899d7fd7906f3 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004j-0009000000-d5b85743041436ea2e66 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00i0-0009000000-7556d5d8a8a555162413 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00fu-8029000000-9c1a42f92892713859ab | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0kmu-9023000000-df51ee22c1d10b8fbdc2 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - MG(0:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/0:0) 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4r-9232000000-e481aacc04dad6bfc856 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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| General References | - Bari M, Battista N, Fezza F, Gasperi V, Maccarrone M: New insights into endocannabinoid degradation and its therapeutic potential. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2006 Mar;6(3):257-68. [PubMed:16515464 ]
- Alger BE: Endocannabinoid identification in the brain: studies of breakdown lead to breakthrough, and there may be NO hope. Sci STKE. 2005 Nov 8;2005(309):pe51. [PubMed:16278487 ]
- Sugiura T, Kishimoto S, Oka S, Gokoh M: Biochemistry, pharmacology and physiology of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand. Prog Lipid Res. 2006 Sep;45(5):405-46. Epub 2006 Apr 19. [PubMed:16678907 ]
- Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]
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