Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2006-05-22 14:17:49 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:16:21 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0002349 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | trans-trans-Muconic acid |
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Description | trans,trans-Muconic acid is a urinary metabolite of benzene and has been used as a biomarker of exposure to benzene in humans exposed to levels as low as 1 ppm. However, muconic acid may also be derived from sorbic acid and its salts. Dietary supplementation with 500 mg sorbic acid significantly increases the urinary trans,trans-muconic acid excretion. Under study conditions, 0.12% of the sorbic acid dose is excreted in urine as trans,trans-muconic acid thereby indicating that a typical dietary intake of 6-30 mg/day of sorbic acid accounts for 10-50% of the background of trans,trans-muconic acid excretion in nonsmokers, and for 5-25% in smokers (PMID: 8021961 , 1487326 , 9137998 , Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1997;69(4):247-51.). trans,trans-Muconic acid has been found to be a metabolite in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida (PMID: 26360870 ). |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C6H6O4/c7-5(8)3-1-2-4-6(9)10/h1-4H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/b3-1+,4-2+ |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(2E,4E)-2,4-Hexadienedioic acid | ChEBI | (e,e)-2,4-Hexadienedioic acid | ChEBI | (e,e)-Muconic acid | ChEBI | trans,trans-1,3-Butadiene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid | ChEBI | trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienedioic acid | ChEBI | trans,trans-Buta-1,3-diene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid | ChEBI | (2E,4E)-2,4-Hexadienedioate | Generator | (e,e)-2,4-Hexadienedioate | Generator | (e,e)-Muconate | Generator | trans,trans-1,3-Butadiene-1,4-dicarboxylate | Generator | trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienedioate | Generator | trans,trans-Buta-1,3-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate | Generator | trans-trans-Muconate | Generator | cis,cis-Muconate | MeSH | Muconic acid | MeSH | Muconic acid, (e,e)-isomer | MeSH | trans-beta-Hydromuconic acid | MeSH | 1,3-Butadiene-1,4-dicarboxylate | HMDB | 1,3-Butadiene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid | HMDB | Hexa-2,4-dienedioate | HMDB | Hexa-2,4-dienedioic acid | HMDB | trans,trans-Muconic acid | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C6H6O4 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 142.1094 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 142.02660868 |
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IUPAC Name | (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienedioic acid |
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Traditional Name | trans, trans-muconic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 3588-17-8 |
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SMILES | OC(=O)\C=C\C=C\C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H6O4/c7-5(8)3-1-2-4-6(9)10/h1-4H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/b3-1+,4-2+ |
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InChI Key | TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-ZPUQHVIOSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Medium-chain fatty acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Medium-chain fatty acid
- Unsaturated fatty acid
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 301 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 0.2 mg/mL at 15 °C | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times UnderivatizedChromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 2.42 minutes | 32390414 | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 10.865 minutes | 33406817 | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 1.77 minutes | 32390414 | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1237.5 seconds | 40023050 | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 374.6 seconds | 40023050 | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 88.0 seconds | 40023050 | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 248.9 seconds | 40023050 | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 87.2 seconds | 40023050 | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 317.6 seconds | 40023050 | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 356.7 seconds | 40023050 | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 312.0 seconds | 40023050 | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 860.1 seconds | 40023050 | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 281.3 seconds | 40023050 | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1027.8 seconds | 40023050 | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 274.7 seconds | 40023050 | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 308.6 seconds | 40023050 | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 653.8 seconds | 40023050 | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 277.9 seconds | 40023050 | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 156.5 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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General References | - Renner T, Baer-Koetzle M, Scherer G: Determination of sorbic acid in urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 1999 Jun 25;847(1-2):127-33. [PubMed:10431356 ]
- Kim S, Vermeulen R, Waidyanatha S, Johnson BA, Lan Q, Rothman N, Smith MT, Zhang L, Li G, Shen M, Yin S, Rappaport SM: Using urinary biomarkers to elucidate dose-related patterns of human benzene metabolism. Carcinogenesis. 2006 Apr;27(4):772-81. Epub 2005 Dec 8. [PubMed:16339183 ]
- Wiwanitkit V, Suwansaksri J, Soogarun S: The urine trans, trans muconic acid biomarker and platelet count in a sample of subjects with benzene exposure. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2004 Jan;10(1):73-6. [PubMed:14979410 ]
- Hecht SS: Human urinary carcinogen metabolites: biomarkers for investigating tobacco and cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2002 Jun;23(6):907-22. [PubMed:12082012 ]
- Ruppert T, Scherer G, Tricker AR, Adlkofer F: trans,trans-muconic acid as a biomarker of non-occupational environmental exposure to benzene. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1997;69(4):247-51. [PubMed:9137998 ]
- Bartczak A, Kline SA, Yu R, Weisel CP, Goldstein BD, Witz G, Bechtold WE: Evaluation of assays for the identification and quantitation of muconic acid, a benzene metabolite in human urine. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Jul;42(3):245-58. [PubMed:8021961 ]
- Ducos P, Gaudin R, Bel J, Maire C, Francin JM, Robert A, Wild P: trans,trans-Muconic acid, a reliable biological indicator for the detection of individual benzene exposure down to the ppm level. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1992;64(5):309-13. [PubMed:1487326 ]
- Becker J, Lange A, Fabarius J, Wittmann C: Top value platform chemicals: bio-based production of organic acids. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2015 Dec;36:168-75. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.08.022. Epub 2015 Sep 8. [PubMed:26360870 ]
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