Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2006-05-22 14:17:36 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:16:10 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0002107 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Phthalic acid |
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Description | Phthalic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, with formula C6H4(COOH)2. Phthalic acid is used mainly in the form of the anhydride to produce other chemicals such as dyes, perfumes, saccharin, phthalates and many other useful products. Phthalic acid, when found in tissues or biofluids arises from exposure to these phthalate products. Phthalate is an environmental chemical of heightened public concern because reports of its potential risk to male reproductive health (PMID 16804814 ), being significantly associated with reduced sperm concentration to pesticide concentration in men's urine (PMID 16804812 ). Within the reproductive tract, the male is exquisitely vulnerable to the effects of anti-androgens during development due the reliance on the synthesis and action of androgens for the masculinization of the male reproductive tract. The ability of phthalates to suppress androgen synthesis during development and to induce testicular dysgenesis together with cryptorchidism and hypospadias has raised considerable concern. (PMID 15016950 ). |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C8H6O4/c9-7(10)5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8(11)12/h1-4H,(H,9,10)(H,11,12) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid | ChEBI | O-Benzenedicarboxylic acid | ChEBI | Ortho-phthalic acid | ChEBI | O-Phthalic acid | Kegg | 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylate | Generator | O-Benzenedicarboxylate | Generator | Ortho-phthalate | Generator | O-Phthalate | Generator | Phthalate | Generator | Alizarinate | HMDB | Alizarinic acid | HMDB | M 2 | HMDB | Naphthalinate | HMDB | Naphthalinic acid | HMDB | O-Carboxybenzoate | HMDB | O-Carboxybenzoic acid | HMDB | O-Dicarboxybenzene | HMDB | Phthalinate | HMDB | Phthalinic acid | HMDB | Sunftal 20 | HMDB | Phthalic acid, dipotassium salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, disodium salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, monobarium salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, monopotassium salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, sodium salt | MeSH, HMDB | Potassium hydrogen phthalate | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, copper salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, monocalcium salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, monoruthenium salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, potassium salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, potassium, sodium salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, monoiron (2+) salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, monolead (2+) salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid, monosodium salt | MeSH, HMDB | Phthalic acid | Generator | Disodium phthalate | MeSH |
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Chemical Formula | C8H6O4 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 166.1308 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 166.02660868 |
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IUPAC Name | benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid |
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Traditional Name | phthalic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 88-99-3 |
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SMILES | OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C8H6O4/c9-7(10)5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8(11)12/h1-4H,(H,9,10)(H,11,12) |
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InChI Key | XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoic acids. These are organic Compounds containing a benzene ring which bears at least one carboxyl group. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Benzenoids |
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Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives |
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Sub Class | Benzoic acids and derivatives |
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Direct Parent | Benzoic acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Benzoic acid
- Benzoyl
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 205 - 230 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | 132.00 to 133.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est) | The Good Scents Company Information System | Water Solubility | 7.01 mg/mL at 25 °C | Not Available | LogP | 0.73 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Retention Times UnderivatizedChromatographic Method | Retention Time | Reference |
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Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. | 3.54 minutes | 32390414 | Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 2022 | 10.0954 minutes | 33406817 | Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 2022 | 1.51 minutes | 32390414 | AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid | 97.6 seconds | 40023050 | Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1236.6 seconds | 40023050 | Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid | 332.8 seconds | 40023050 | Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 96.0 seconds | 40023050 | Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid | 204.9 seconds | 40023050 | RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 82.8 seconds | 40023050 | Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 321.0 seconds | 40023050 | BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 415.3 seconds | 40023050 | HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate) | 125.7 seconds | 40023050 | UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid | 726.1 seconds | 40023050 | BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 299.4 seconds | 40023050 | UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid | 1013.9 seconds | 40023050 | SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 227.7 seconds | 40023050 | RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid | 308.9 seconds | 40023050 | MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate | 516.3 seconds | 40023050 | KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA | 202.3 seconds | 40023050 | Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water | 212.5 seconds | 40023050 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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Disease References | Hemodialysis |
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- Pollack GM, Buchanan JF, Slaughter RL, Kohli RK, Shen DD: Circulating concentrations of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and its de-esterified phthalic acid products following plasticizer exposure in patients receiving hemodialysis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Jun 30;79(2):257-67. [PubMed:4002227 ]
| Colorectal cancer |
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- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
| Eosinophilic esophagitis |
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- Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work). NA.
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General References | - Silva MJ, Reidy JA, Samandar E, Herbert AR, Needham LL, Calafat AM: Detection of phthalate metabolites in human saliva. Arch Toxicol. 2005 Nov;79(11):647-52. Epub 2005 Jul 2. [PubMed:15995852 ]
- Lapinskas PJ, Brown S, Leesnitzer LM, Blanchard S, Swanson C, Cattley RC, Corton JC: Role of PPARalpha in mediating the effects of phthalates and metabolites in the liver. Toxicology. 2005 Feb 1;207(1):149-63. [PubMed:15590130 ]
- Hurst CH, Waxman DJ: Activation of PPARalpha and PPARgamma by environmental phthalate monoesters. Toxicol Sci. 2003 Aug;74(2):297-308. Epub 2003 Jun 12. [PubMed:12805656 ]
- Hauser R: The environment and male fertility: recent research on emerging chemicals and semen quality. Semin Reprod Med. 2006 Jul;24(3):156-67. [PubMed:16804814 ]
- Swan SH: Does our environment affect our fertility? Some examples to help reframe the question. Semin Reprod Med. 2006 Jul;24(3):142-6. [PubMed:16804812 ]
- Fisher JS: Environmental anti-androgens and male reproductive health: focus on phthalates and testicular dysgenesis syndrome. Reproduction. 2004 Mar;127(3):305-15. [PubMed:15016950 ]
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