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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:15:40 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001398
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB01398
Metabolite Identification
Common NameGuaiacol
DescriptionGuaiacol is a phenolic compound with a methoxy group and is the monomethyl ether of catechol. Guaiacol is readily oxidized by the heme iron of peroxidases including the peroxidase of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. It therefore serves as a reducing co-substrate for COX reactions. Guaiacol is a phenolic natural product first isolated from Guaiac resin and the oxidation of lignin. It is a yellowish aromatic oil that is now commonly derived from guaiacum or wood creosote. It is used medicinally as an expectorant, antiseptic, and local anesthetic. Guaiacol is used in traditional dental pulp sedation, and has the property of inducing cell proliferation; guaiacol is a potent scavenger of reactive oxygen radicals and its radical scavenging activity may be associated with its effect on cell proliferation. Guaiacol is also used in the preparation of synthetic vanillin. Guaiacol is also present in wood smoke, as a product of pyrolysis of lignin. Guaiacol has been found in the urine of patients with neuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma. (PMID 4344880 , 16152729 ).
Structure
Data?1676999740
Synonyms
ValueSource
1-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzeneChEBI
2-HydroxyanisoleChEBI
Catechol monomethyl etherChEBI
O-MethoxyphenolChEBI
CreodonKegg
2-MethoxyphenolHMDB
2-Methoxy-phenolHMDB
AnastilHMDB
Guaiacol (liquid) extra pureHMDB
GuaiastilHMDB
GuaicolHMDB
GuaicolinaHMDB
GuajakolHMDB
GuajolHMDB
GuasolHMDB
GuiacolHMDB
MethoxyphenolHMDB
MethylcatacholHMDB
MethylcatecholHMDB
O-GuaiacolHMDB
O-HydroxyanisoleHMDB
O-Methoxy-phenolHMDB
O-Methyl catecholHMDB
Pyrocatechol monomethyl etherHMDB
Pyroguaiac acidHMDB
2-Hydroxy-anisoleHMDB
Catechol, methylHMDB
Methyl catecholHMDB
2-Methoxyl-4-vinylphenolHMDB
GuaiacolHMDB
Chemical FormulaC7H8O2
Average Molecular Weight124.139
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight124.052429498
IUPAC Name2-methoxyphenol
Traditional Nameguaiacol
CAS Registry Number90-05-1
SMILES
COC1=C(O)C=CC=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C7H8O2/c1-9-7-5-3-2-4-6(7)8/h2-5,8H,1H3
InChI KeyLHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methoxyphenols. Methoxyphenols are compounds containing a methoxy group attached to the benzene ring of a phenol moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassPhenols
Sub ClassMethoxyphenols
Direct ParentMethoxyphenols
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Methoxyphenol
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Methoxybenzene
  • Phenol ether
  • Anisole
  • 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Ether
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point28 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility18.7 mg/mL at 15 °CNot Available
LogP1.32HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility67.4 g/LALOGPS
logP1.32ALOGPS
logP1.51ChemAxon
logS-0.27ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)9.98ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.9ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area29.46 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity34.5 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability12.69 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+125.18131661259
DarkChem[M-H]-122.47531661259
DarkChem[M+H]+125.18131661259
DarkChem[M-H]-122.47531661259
AllCCS[M+H]+125.44732859911
AllCCS[M-H]-122.08832859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+126.60730932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-123.18930932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-160.47230932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+135.5330932474
AllCCS[M+H]+125.432859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+120.632859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+130.032859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+131.332859911
AllCCS[M-H]-122.132859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-124.232859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-126.532859911

Predicted Retention Times

Underivatized

Chromatographic MethodRetention TimeReference
Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022.2.76 minutes32390414
Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 202210.9294 minutes33406817
Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 20222.63 minutes32390414
Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid1471.3 seconds40023050
Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid378.9 seconds40023050
Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid139.8 seconds40023050
Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid238.0 seconds40023050
RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid207.4 seconds40023050
Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid471.5 seconds40023050
BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid436.0 seconds40023050
HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate)150.4 seconds40023050
UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid972.9 seconds40023050
BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid342.8 seconds40023050
UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid955.1 seconds40023050
SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid295.1 seconds40023050
RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid384.3 seconds40023050
MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate502.0 seconds40023050
KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA308.4 seconds40023050
Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water110.1 seconds40023050

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
GuaiacolCOC1=C(O)C=CC=C11765.6Standard polar33892256
GuaiacolCOC1=C(O)C=CC=C11047.9Standard non polar33892256
GuaiacolCOC1=C(O)C=CC=C11102.7Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Guaiacol,1TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C1225.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Guaiacol,1TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1463.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified8.5 +/- 1.0 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Clostridium difficile infection
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Intestinal infections
details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothBreast cancer details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothBladder cancer details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Enteritis
  1. Probert CS, Jones PR, Ratcliffe NM: A novel method for rapidly diagnosing the causes of diarrhoea. Gut. 2004 Jan;53(1):58-61. [PubMed:14684577 ]
Perillyl alcohol administration for cancer treatment
  1. Silva CL, Passos M, Camara JS: Solid phase microextraction, mass spectrometry and metabolomic approaches for detection of potential urinary cancer biomarkers--a powerful strategy for breast cancer diagnosis. Talanta. 2012 Jan 30;89:360-8. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.041. Epub 2011 Dec 22. [PubMed:22284503 ]
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB11359
Phenol Explorer Compound ID650
FooDB IDFDB011885
KNApSAcK IDC00029459
Chemspider ID447
KEGG Compound IDC15572
BioCyc IDCPD-400
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkGuaiacol
METLIN ID6217
PubChem Compound460
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID28591
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceChen, Jiehua; Xu, Baocai; Zhang, Hong; Ye, Jianfeng. Method for preparing guaiacol from catechol and dimethyl carbonate. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2007), 6pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Tsibris JC, Virgin SD, Khan-Dawood FS, Langenberg PW, Thomason JL, Spellacy WN: Cervicovaginal peroxidases: markers of the fertile period. Obstet Gynecol. 1986 Mar;67(3):316-20. [PubMed:3003635 ]
  2. Bieniek G, Kurkiewicz S, Wilczok T, Klimek K, Swiatkowska L, Lusiak A: occupational exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons at a coke plant: Part II. Exposure assessment of volatile organic compounds. J Occup Health. 2004 May;46(3):181-6. [PubMed:15215658 ]
  3. Ogata N, Shibata T: Binding of alkyl- and alkoxy-substituted simple phenolic compounds to human serum proteins. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol. 2000;107(1-2):167-73. [PubMed:11334365 ]
  4. Mutlib AE, Klein JT: Application of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry in accelerating the identification of human liver cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the metabolism of iloperidone. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Sep;286(3):1285-93. [PubMed:9732390 ]
  5. Rogers LE, Lyon GM Jr, Porter FS: Spot test for vanillylmandelic acid and other guaiacols in urine of patients with neuroblastoma. Am J Clin Pathol. 1972 Oct;58(4):383-7. [PubMed:4344880 ]
  6. Pruitt KM, Kamau DN, Miller K, Mansson-Rahemtulla B, Rahemtulla F: Quantitative, standardized assays for determining the concentrations of bovine lactoperoxidase, human salivary peroxidase, and human myeloperoxidase. Anal Biochem. 1990 Dec;191(2):278-86. [PubMed:1964765 ]
  7. Kupfer A, Lawson J, Branch RA: Stereoselectivity of the arene epoxide pathway of mephenytoin hydroxylation in man. Epilepsia. 1984 Feb;25(1):1-7. [PubMed:6420144 ]
  8. Mimurai T, Yazaki K, Sawaki K, Ozawa T, Kawaguchi M: Hydroxyl radical scavenging effects of guaiacol used in traditional dental pulp sedation: reaction kinetic study. Biomed Res. 2005 Aug;26(4):139-45. [PubMed:16152729 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in magnesium ion binding
Specific function:
Catalyzes the O-methylation, and thereby the inactivation, of catecholamine neurotransmitters and catechol hormones. Also shortens the biological half-lives of certain neuroactive drugs, like L-DOPA, alpha-methyl DOPA and isoproterenol.
Gene Name:
COMT
Uniprot ID:
P21964
Molecular weight:
30036.77
Reactions
Pyrocatechol → Guaiacoldetails
General function:
Involved in O-methyltransferase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the O-methylation, and thereby the inactivation, of catecholamine neurotransmitters and catechol hormones (By similarity). Required for auditory function.
Gene Name:
LRTOMT
Uniprot ID:
Q8WZ04
Molecular weight:
32154.43