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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:07 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000937
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00937
Metabolite Identification
Common NameStigmasterol
DescriptionStigmasterol is a phytosterol, meaning it is steroid derived from plants. As a food additive, phytosterols have cholesterol-lowering properties (reducing cholesterol absorption in intestines), and may act in cancer prevention. Phytosterols naturally occur in small amount in vegetable oils, especially soybean oil. One such phytosterol complex, isolated from vegetable oil, is cholestatin, composed of campesterol, stigmasterol, and brassicasterol, and is marketed as a dietary supplement. Sterols can reduce cholesterol in human subjects by up to 15%. The mechanism behind phytosterols and the lowering of cholesterol occurs as follows : the incorporation of cholesterol into micelles in the gastrointestinal tract is inhibited, decreasing the overall amount of cholesterol absorbed. This may in turn help to control body total cholesterol levels, as well as modify HDL, LDL and TAG levels. Many margarines, butters, breakfast cereals and spreads are now enriched with phytosterols and marketed towards people with high cholesterol and a wish to lower it. Stigmasterol is found to be associated with phytosterolemia, which is an inborn error of metabolism.
Structure
Data?1601231659
Synonyms
ValueSource
(3beta,22E)-Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-olChEBI
5,22-Cholestadien-24-ethyl-3beta-olChEBI
beta-StigmasterolChEBI
PhytosterolChEBI
PoriferasterolChEBI
Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3beta-olChEBI
(3b,22E)-Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-olGenerator
(3β,22E)-Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-olGenerator
5,22-Cholestadien-24-ethyl-3b-olGenerator
5,22-Cholestadien-24-ethyl-3β-olGenerator
b-StigmasterolGenerator
β-StigmasterolGenerator
Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3b-olGenerator
Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3β-olGenerator
(24S)-5,22-Stigmastadien-3b-olHMDB
17-(4-Ethyl-1,5-dimethyl-hex-2-enyl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-olHMDB
Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-b-olHMDB
Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-beta-olHMDB
StigmasterinHMDB
(24S)-24-Ethylcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-olHMDB
(24S)-24-Ethylcholesta-5,22-dien-3β-olHMDB
(24S)-5,22-Stigmastadien-3beta-olHMDB
(24S)-5,22-Stigmastadien-3β-olHMDB
(24S)-Stigmast-5,22-dien-3beta-olHMDB
(24S)-Stigmast-5,22-dien-3β-olHMDB
24-Ethyl-5,22-cholestadien-3beta-olHMDB
24-Ethyl-5,22-cholestadien-3β-olHMDB
24beta-Ethyl-5,22-cholestadien-3beta-olHMDB
24β-Ethyl-5,22-cholestadien-3β-olHMDB
Stigmasta-5,22(E)-dien-3beta-olHMDB
Stigmasta-5,22(E)-dien-3β-olHMDB
StigmasterolHMDB
delta5,22-Stigmastadien-3beta-olHMDB
delta5-StigmasterolHMDB
Δ5,22-Stigmastadien-3β-olHMDB
Δ5-StigmasterolHMDB
Chemical FormulaC29H48O
Average Molecular Weight412.702
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight412.370516166
IUPAC Name(1S,2R,5S,10S,11S,14R,15R)-14-[(2R,3E,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-ol
Traditional Name(1S,2R,5S,10S,11S,14R,15R)-14-[(2R,3E,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-ol
CAS Registry Number83-48-7
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)\C=C\[C@@H](CC)C(C)C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C29H48O/c1-7-21(19(2)3)9-8-20(4)25-12-13-26-24-11-10-22-18-23(30)14-16-28(22,5)27(24)15-17-29(25,26)6/h8-10,19-21,23-27,30H,7,11-18H2,1-6H3/b9-8+/t20-,21-,23+,24+,25-,26+,27+,28+,29-/m1/s1
InChI KeyHCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as stigmastanes and derivatives. These are sterol lipids with a structure based on the stigmastane skeleton, which consists of a cholestane moiety bearing an ethyl group at the carbon atom C24.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassStigmastanes and derivatives
Direct ParentStigmastanes and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • C24-propyl-sterol-skeleton
  • Stigmastane-skeleton
  • Triterpenoid
  • 3-hydroxy-delta-5-steroid
  • 3-hydroxysteroid
  • Hydroxysteroid
  • 3-beta-hydroxysteroid
  • 3-beta-hydroxy-delta-5-steroid
  • Delta-5-steroid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point170 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility2.7e-05 g/LALOGPS
logP6.95ALOGPS
logP7.48ChemAxon
logS-7.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)18.2ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.4ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area20.23 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity130.88 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability53.55 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+199.57431661259
DarkChem[M-H]-199.95531661259
AllCCS[M+H]+208.77132859911
AllCCS[M-H]-205.34132859911
DeepCCS[M-2H]-241.6430932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+215.76630932474
AllCCS[M+H]+208.832859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+206.732859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+210.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+211.232859911
AllCCS[M-H]-205.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-207.532859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-210.032859911

Predicted Retention Times

Underivatized

Chromatographic MethodRetention TimeReference
Measured using a Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) ethylene-bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm; 1.7 μmparticle diameter). Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022. Predicted by Afia on May 17, 2022.8.87 minutes32390414
Predicted by Siyang on May 30, 202227.6766 minutes33406817
Predicted by Siyang using ReTip algorithm on June 8, 20221.97 minutes32390414
AjsUoB = Accucore 150 Amide HILIC with 10mM Ammonium Formate, 0.1% Formic Acid41.2 seconds40023050
Fem_Long = Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid3766.4 seconds40023050
Fem_Lipids = Ascentis Express C18 with (60:40 water:ACN):(90:10 IPA:ACN) and 10mM NH4COOH + 0.1% Formic Acid857.1 seconds40023050
Life_Old = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:(20:80 acetone:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid325.7 seconds40023050
Life_New = RP Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 with Water:(30:70 MeOH:ACN) and 0.1% Formic Acid340.8 seconds40023050
RIKEN = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid712.3 seconds40023050
Eawag_XBridgeC18 = XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid1257.3 seconds40023050
BfG_NTS_RP1 =Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid1125.8 seconds40023050
HILIC_BDD_2 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN(0.1% formic acid):water(16 mM ammonium formate)97.3 seconds40023050
UniToyama_Atlantis = RP Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) with ACN:Water and 0.1% Formic Acid2225.4 seconds40023050
BDD_C18 = Hypersil Gold 1.9µm C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid751.8 seconds40023050
UFZ_Phenomenex = Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex with Water:MeOH and 0.1% Formic Acid2159.8 seconds40023050
SNU_RIKEN_POS = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid785.6 seconds40023050
RPMMFDA = Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with Water:ACN and 0.1% Formic Acid607.1 seconds40023050
MTBLS87 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water and :ammonium carbonate279.3 seconds40023050
KI_GIAR_zic_HILIC_pH2_7 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC with ACN:Water and 0.1% FA724.2 seconds40023050
Meister zic-pHILIC pH9.3 = Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column with ACN:Water 5mM NH4Ac pH9.3 and 5mM ammonium acetate in water9.0 seconds40023050

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Stigmasterol[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)\C=C\[C@@H](CC)C(C)C2595.3Standard polar33892256
Stigmasterol[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)\C=C\[C@@H](CC)C(C)C3304.4Standard non polar33892256
Stigmasterol[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)\C=C\[C@@H](CC)C(C)C3316.8Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Stigmasterol,1TMS,isomer #1CC[C@H](/C=C/[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C4C[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@@]21C)C(C)C3323.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Stigmasterol,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC[C@H](/C=C/[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C4C[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@@]21C)C(C)C3554.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified11.15 (0.24-55.00) uMChildren (1-13 years old)BothNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
    • West Cadwell, N.J...
    • Basel, Switzerlan...
details
BloodDetected and Quantified5.573 +/- 0.727 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedInfant (0-1 year old)Not AvailableNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedInfant (0-1 year old)Not Specified
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedInfant (0-1 year old)Not Specified
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.00003 +/- 0.00003 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified46.8 +/- 1.2 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothPhytosterolemia details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Sitosterolemia
  1. Lutjohann D, Bjorkhem I, Beil UF, von Bergmann K: Sterol absorption and sterol balance in phytosterolemia evaluated by deuterium-labeled sterols: effect of sitostanol treatment. J Lipid Res. 1995 Aug;36(8):1763-73. [PubMed:7595097 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB001936
KNApSAcK IDC00023774
Chemspider ID4444352
KEGG Compound IDC05442
BioCyc IDCPD-4162
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkStigmasterol
METLIN ID168
PubChem Compound5280794
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID28824
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceGeng, Jianguo; Gu, Wenying; Wang, Xiaobao; Gu, Wenying. Method for extraction stigmasterol from mixed sterol of plant. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2002), 6 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Ohdoi C, Nyhan WL, Kuhara T: Chemical diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Jul 15;792(1):123-30. [PubMed:12829005 ]
  2. Phillips KM, Ruggio DM, Bailey JA: Precise quantitative determination of phytosterols, stanols, and cholesterol metabolites in human serum by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1999 Sep 10;732(1):17-29. [PubMed:10517218 ]
  3. Kabouche A, Boutaghane N, Kabouche Z, Seguin E, Tillequin F, Benlabed K: Components and antibacterial activity of the roots of Salvia jaminiana. Fitoterapia. 2005 Jul;76(5):450-2. [PubMed:15893885 ]
  4. Noblet JA, Young DL, Zeng EY, Ensari S: Use of fecal steroids to infer the sources of fecal indicator bacteria in the Lower Santa Ana River Watershed, California: sewage is unlikely a significant source. Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Nov 15;38(22):6002-8. [PubMed:15573599 ]
  5. Triana J, Lopez M, Perez FJ, Gonzalez-Platas J, Quintana J, Estevez F, Leon F, Bermejo J: Sesquiterpenoids from Pulicaria canariensis and their cytotoxic activities. J Nat Prod. 2005 Apr;68(4):523-31. [PubMed:15844941 ]
  6. Valsta LM, Lemstrom A, Ovaskainen ML, Lampi AM, Toivo J, Korhonen T, Piironen V: Estimation of plant sterol and cholesterol intake in Finland: quality of new values and their effect on intake. Br J Nutr. 2004 Oct;92(4):671-8. [PubMed:15522137 ]
  7. Miettinen TA: Phytosterolaemia, xanthomatosis and premature atherosclerotic arterial disease: a case with high plant sterol absorption, impaired sterol elimination and low cholesterol synthesis. Eur J Clin Invest. 1980 Feb;10(1):27-35. [PubMed:6768564 ]
  8. Urech K, Scher JM, Hostanska K, Becker H: Apoptosis inducing activity of viscin, a lipophilic extract from Viscum album L. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 Jan;57(1):101-9. [PubMed:15638998 ]
  9. Morin RJ, Elms NJ: Rapid microanalysis of cholesterol in bile and serum by gas chromatography. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1975 Jan-Feb;5(1):52-6. [PubMed:1111441 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Energy production and conversion
Specific function:
Catalyzes the reduction of the delta-24 double bond of sterol intermediates. Protects cells from oxidative stress by reducing caspase 3 activity during apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Also protects against amyloid-beta peptide-induced apoptosis.
Gene Name:
DHCR24
Uniprot ID:
Q15392
Molecular weight:
60100.805